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Duffing Map

Discretized double-well oscillator demonstrating bistable dynamics and chaos

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Duffing Map Visualization

Canonical parameters producing chaotic dynamics, lambda1 ~ +0.49

Fixed Points (3):

FP1: (0.000, 0.000)

FP2: (1.245, 1.245)

FP3: (-1.245, -1.245)

Parameters:

a = 2.75 (Well depth)

b = 0.20 (Damping)

Equations:

x' = y

y' = -b·y + a·x - x³

Potential: V(x) = -0.5·a·x² + 0.25·x⁴

Single attractor — both seeds land on the same set